I-hydrocarbons enevumba elimnandi isisiseko seentlobo ezininzi zeemveliso, ezona zibaluleke kakhulu zisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwedayi, i-polyurethanes kunye ne-synthetic fibers.Ishishini lePetrochemical lishishini elibanzi kakhulu, kodwa i-ethylene yimveliso ebaluleke kakhulu, ikwayeyona mveliso iphambili ye-olefin.Imveliso yonyaka ye-ethylene yehlabathi ngo-2012 yayimalunga ne-143 yezigidi zeetoni.Ngokwembali, ukubonelela kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-ethylene kuye kwalawulwa yi-United States eqolileyo ngokwezoqoqosho, iNtshona Yurophu kunye neJapan.Ukususela kwi-2009 okanye i-2010, nangona kunjalo, imeko ishintshile, kunye nemveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwenguqu kuMbindi Mpuma kunye ne-Asia.Kutshanje kutsha nje i-American shale-gas boom ibuyisele ulungelelwaniso loqoqosho lwezoqoqosho kwaye yabangela ukwanda okukhulu komthamo omtsha wemveliso eMntla Melika.

I-Ngls idla ngokuba ne-ethane, propane, butane, isobutene, kunye ne-pentane.Ezinye zazo zilungele ishishini lepetrochemical.I-Ngls ikhe yabonwa njengexabiso eliphantsi elongeziweyo ngemveliso etshiswa kufutshane nentloko yomthombo.Kutshanje, nangona kunjalo, abantu ekugqibeleni baye baliqonda ngokupheleleyo ixabiso layo njengento ekrwada yepetrochemical.Olu tshintsho lunike amandla ukuchacha kuMntla Melika, ngakumbi kwishishini lepetrochemical laseMelika.

Yintoni intsingiselo yokufunyanwa kwakhona kweshishini lepetrochemical kwimarike yevalvu?

Ukubuyiselwa kwishishini lepetrochemical yase-US ziindaba ezilungileyo kubaboneleli bezixhobo ze-asethi, kubandakanya iivalvu.Kukho amathuba oshishino kuwo wonke umba wophuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo zamandla.

Ukusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo kwerhasi ye-shale-rich kwi-condensate yegesi yendalo (NGLs) kukhokelele ekuvulweni kweeprojekthi ezininzi zokomba, okukhokelela kwimfuno yeentlobo ezininzi zeevalvu ze-wellhead Kubandakanya isango, iglowubhu, ukuminxa, itshekhi, ibhola kunye nezinye iivalvu.Ngokumalunga ne-1,700 rigs esebenza e-United States - ngaphezulu kakhulu kunelizwe lonke lidityanisiwe - imfuno yeevalvu zentloko inamandla kwaye iya kuba namandla.

I-Ngls yemveliso yepetrochemical ifuna uthungelwano lwemibhobho ezinikeleyo ukuyihambisa kwiindawo zemveliso, ezinje ngeeyunithi zokuqhekeka okanye izityalo zepetrochemical.Ukuqokelela okuhambelanayo kunye nombhobho wothutho unike urhwebo kwivalve yombhobho, ngakumbi umjelo ogcweleyo kwaye "unokuhamba intsimbi icocekile" ivalve yebhola, ivalufa yesango enkulu yemfuno.Kwaye ii-activators ezi zivalo kufuneka zidityaniswe nazo zikwanika ithuba loshishino elinomtsalane kwimakethi yezincedisi.

Izityalo zePetrochemical zixhobo ezizenzekelayo kunye nezixhobo ezinzima.Imveliso yonyaka yomatshini omtsha wepetrochemical unokuba phezulu ukuya kutsho kwi-1-2 yezigidi zeetoni.Iindleko zesityalo zisekelwe kubukhulu bayo kunye nendawo, kodwa iya kuba kwi-3 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ukuya kwiibhiliyoni ezi-4 zeerandi.Ixabiso levalvu ngesityalo ngasinye liya kuba malunga nezigidi ezingama-35 zeedola.Ngelixa isaziwa kakuhle into yokuba izityalo ezitsha zibonelela ngawona mathuba oshishino atyebileyo kunye nawona abanzi kushishino lwevalvu, ukwandiswa kweplanti kunye nokulungiswa ngokutsha ukulungiselela imathiriyeli entsha yokuvelisa nako kubalulekile, ngakumbi kwimarike yase-US.Phantse zonke iintlobo zeevalvu zisetyenziswa, kubandakanywa iivalvu zesantya esiphezulu ezisetyenziswa kwiifektri ukukhusela i-compressors.