Ngokuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso-qhinga sokugcina umbane kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwamanzi kunye nokukhawuleziswa kophuhliso lwamashishini asakhasayo anobuchule, isikali sokwakha kunye nomda wenkonzo yoshishino lwaseTshayina lokucocwa kwelindle luya kwandiswa ngakumbi.Imakethi yolwakhiwo lokucoca ugutyulo kunye nemarike yokusebenza ingene kwixesha lophuhliso olunesantya esiphezulu, ukudityaniswa kweshishini kuye kwaqhutywa inyathelo ngenyathelo, uhlaziyo lwentengiso yogutyulo lwamanzi amdaka luya kukhuthazwa ngakumbi, ngoko ke ishishini laseTshayina kwimakethi yokucoca amanzi amdaka linendawo yentengiso ebanzi.

Iyonke imfuno yemalike ezinzileyo kunye nokukhula okuzinzileyo kushishino lokucocwa kwelindle luyimfunekoivelufa butterfly, ivalve yebholakwayeivalve yesangokushishino lokwenziwa ngoomatshini, uphuhliso lwayo lwentengiso luqhutywa ikakhulu yimalike yesicelo esezantsi.Ngokunyuka kwezinga lokufudukela ezidolophini kunye nokukhula okukhawulezayo kwabemi basezidolophini e-China, umthamo wonikezelo lwamanzi wemisebenzi yamanzi kunye nesikali sokucocwa kogutyulo luyanda ngokuthe ngcembe, ngokokucocwa kwelindle.Ngoko ke, unyango lwamanzi amdaka lufuna inani elikhulu le-sludge scraper, i-valve kunye neminye imishini yokukhusela indalo kunye nezixhobo.

Okwangoku, iiseti zasekhaya ezipheleleyo zezixhobo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kunye namazwe aphuhlileyo, kukho umsantsa omkhulu.Umthamo obanzi wemveliso yezixhobo zokucoca ilindle e-China usekude ukuba ube nako ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zasekhaya.Ubume beentlobo ezahlukeneyo bubuya ngasemva, iindidi zimbalwa, isakhono sokuphuhlisa sibuthathaka.Kwiimveliso ezininzi, umlinganiselo weemveliso zoomatshini ngokubanzi kunye neemveliso eziphambili, kunye nenqanaba langoku lomatshini, umbane, izixhobo zokudibanisa izixhobo ezingaphantsi okanye kwinqanaba lokuqala.Ngaphandle kwamashishini amakhulu okhuseleko lwendalo esingqongileyo, uninzi lwawo alunawo amandla okuziphuhlisa iimveliso ezintsha.

Umgangatho ombi wemveliso, umgangatho ophantsi wobugcisa.Phakathi kwe-35% kunye ne-40% yeemveliso zikumgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe we-1960 kunye ne-1970.Malunga ne-1/5 yezixhobo zokucoca ugutyulo lwasekhaya lwangoku zezemveliso yemveliso encinci okanye ixesha lokuphuma, kwaye malunga ne-2/5 yeyemveliso efuna ukuphuculwa.Nangona izixhobo zokucoca ugutyulo lwasekhaya zithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle, ngokubanzi, umxholo weteknoloji yezixhobo zokuthumela ngaphandle awukho phezulu, udidi lokuthumela ngaphandle, iindidi kunye nommandla zimxinwa, kukhuphiswano lwemarike yamazwe ngamazwe alunamandla.

Izixhobo zokucoca ugutyulo kumazwe aphuhlileyo zifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu lezinto zala maxesha.Umzi-mveliso wabo wokucoca amanzi amdaka unezi mpawu zi-6 zilandelayo:

1. Ugutyulo lwamanzi amdaka esixeko kunye nezixhobo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso ziye zafikelela umgangatho, iinkolelo, uthotho kunye neeseti ezipheleleyo zenze uluhlu olubanzi lokurhweba kushishino lwezixhobo zokucoca amanzi.

2. Izixhobo zeyunithi yonyango lwamanzi, njengemvula, i-filtration, i-extraction, i-adsorption, i-microfiltration, i-electrodialysis, njl. iye yaqulunqa imveliso yesikali yobungcali, iintlobo, iinkcukacha, umgangatho uzinzile, iiparamitha zokusebenza zithembekile, ukhetho lomsebenzisi lulula kakhulu.

3. Ugutyulo lwesixeko lugqibezela izixhobo kuphuhliso olukhulu, izixhobo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso kunye nenkqubo yokuvuthwa kwaye zithande ukuba ziingcali, zigqibe.

4. Iifeni, iimpompo, iivalve kunye nezinye izixhobo eziqhelekileyo ezihambelana nokucocwa kwamanzi ziye zaqonda ngokuthe ngcembe ukuyila okukhethekileyo kunye nokuveliswa kwemveliso ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezizodwa.

5. Ukunqongophala kwemithombo yamanzi, i-algal bloom, ukhuseleko lwamanzi okusela kukhokelele kuphuhliso lwezixhobo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka akumgangatho ophezulu kunye nezixhobo zokubulala iintsholongwane ukuya kumlinganiselo omkhulu.

6. Ithekhinoloji yonyango lwe-anaerobic inikwe ingqwalasela ethe kratya, nto leyo ekhuthaze ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo sonyango lwe-anaerobic kunyango lwamanzi amdaka aphilayo.

Ngokukhawuleza kokufudukela ezidolophini kunye noshishino e-China, umsantsa wemfuno yemithombo yamanzi uyanda imihla ngemihla.Ngexesha elifanayo, ukuhanjiswa kwemithombo yamanzi akulingani, i-per capita possession incinci.Kulo mongo, imboni yokucoca amanzi amdaka iye yaba lishishini elitsha, kunye nokuveliswa kwamanzi okupompoza, ukunikezelwa kwamanzi, ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe imboni yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwindawo efanayo ebalulekileyo, ngoko ke indawo yophuhliso inkulu.