ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana he ʻenehana maʻamau e pono ai no nā ʻoihana āpau, ʻaʻole wale ke kūkulu ʻana, petrochemical, hana moku, hana mīkini, ikehu, halihali, mālama kaiapuni a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole hiki ke hana me ka ʻenehana sila ʻana. ʻenehana hoʻopaʻa.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ʻenehana hoʻopaʻa inoa ma nā ʻano he nui, e like me ka mālama wai, ka lawe ʻana a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ikehu.

ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ka ʻenehana hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā hopena o ka pau ʻole o ka sila ʻana he koʻikoʻi loa, ʻo ka māmā o ka leakage, ka hopena o ka pau ʻana o ka ikehu a me nā kumu waiwai, ʻo ka mea kaumaha e hoʻopau i ka hana, a hiki i ka hoʻopuka ʻana i ke ahi, pahū, pollution kaiapuni a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe e hoʻoweliweli i ka palekana pilikino. .

Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana, ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o ke kūlana hana o ka hoʻolālā sealing.Ke hoʻonui nui ʻia ka mahana, ke kaomi a me ka corrosivity o ka wai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa maʻamau e like me ka felt, hemp, asbestos, putty a pēlā aku i nā koi hoʻohana, a ua hoʻololi mālie ʻia e ka rubber a me nā mea synthetic.

ʻO nā mea synthetic e like me ka rubber ka maʻamau macromolecular polymers, kahi e lilo ai nā hui hana me nā ʻano like ʻole (e like me ka chlorine, fluorine, cyano, vinyl, isocyanate, hydroxyl, carboxyl, alkoxy, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe).Ma lalo o ka hana a ka catalyst, curing agent, a i ʻole ka wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka radiation kiʻekiʻe o ka ikehu, hoʻololi ka macromolecule mai ka laina laina a me ka hoʻolālā lālā a hiki i ke ʻano pūnaewele spatial, ua kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana curing.ʻO ka vulcanized rubber a i ʻole nā ​​mea synthetic ʻē aʻe, nalowale nā ​​macromolecules i ka mobility mua, i ʻike ʻia he deformation elastic kiʻekiʻe o ka elastomer.

ʻO ka Rubber maʻamau a me nā mea hana synthetic he: ʻōpala maoli, styrene-butadiene, neoprene, butadiene rubber, Ethylene propylene rubber, butyl rubber, polyurethane rubber, acrylate rubber, fluorine rubber, silicone rubber a pēlā aku.

6 Nā Papa Hana Hana No ka Hoʻoholo ʻana i ka Pono o nā Mea Sila

1. Hana Hana

ʻO nā waiwai Tensile ka waiwai nui o nā mea hoʻopaʻa paʻa, me ka ikaika tensile, ke koʻikoʻi tensile mau, ka elongation ma ka haʻihaʻi a me ka deformation mau i ka haki.ʻO ka ikaika tensile ke koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe loa e kikoo ʻia ai ka specimen a hiki i ka haki.ʻO ke koʻikoʻi elongation mau (modulus o ka elongation mau) ʻo ia ke koʻikoʻi i loaʻa i ka elongation i kuhikuhi ʻia.ʻO ka elongation ka deformation o kahi specimen i hana ʻia e kahi ikaika tensile i kuhikuhi ʻia.Hoʻohana ʻia ka ratio o ka hoʻonui elongation i ka lōʻihi kumu.ʻO ka elongation ma ka haʻihaʻi ka elongation ma ka haki ʻana o ka specimen.ʻO ka tensile permanent deformation ke koena deformation ma waena o nā laina kaha ma hope o ka haki ʻana.

2. Oolea

ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mea e hoʻopaʻa ai i ke kaomi o waho i ka hiki, akā kekahi o ka hana kumu o nā mea hoʻopaʻa.ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka mea pili i nā waiwai ʻē aʻe i kekahi ʻano.ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikaika, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka elongation, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

3. Hoʻopili

Ma muli o ka viscoelasticity o ka mea hao, e emi iho ke kaomi me ka manawa, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻomaha hoʻomaha hoʻomaha, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻi i ke ʻano kumu ma hope o ka wehe ʻana i ke kaomi, e hōʻike ana i ka deformation mau loa.I ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana a me ka ʻaila ʻoi aku ka maopopo o kēia ʻano, pili pono kēia hana i ka lōʻihi o nā huahana sealing.

4. Haʻahaʻa Mahana hana

He helu helu i hoʻohana ʻia no ke ana ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona haʻahaʻa o kahi sila lāʻau. ma lalo, ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaulike, e wehe i ka ʻāpana hoʻāʻo, a ma kekahi ʻano o ka hoʻomehana ʻana, e hoʻopaʻa i ke ʻano retraction 10%, 30%, 50% a me 70% ke hōʻike ʻia ka mahana e like me TR10, TR30, TR50, TR70.ʻO TR10 ka mea maʻamau, pili i ka Brittleness wela o ka lāʻau.Hiki ke hoʻololi i ka wela haʻahaʻa: Ma hope o ka paʻa ʻana o ka hāpana i ka manawa i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ke ʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia ka hāpana i hope a i waho e like me ke kihi i kuhikuhi ʻia e noiʻi i ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia o ka sila ma hope o ka hana pinepine ʻana o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

5. ʻAila A i ʻole Kūʻē Kūʻē

Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻopili ʻana me nā mea hoʻopaʻa aila ma muli o ka ʻaila, esters pālua, ʻaila silicone, i ka ʻoihana kemika i kekahi manawa e hoʻopili i ka waikawa, Alkali a me nā media corrosive ʻē aʻe.Ma waho aʻe o ka corrosion i loko o kēia mau media, ma ke kiʻekiʻe wela e alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ikaika, ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa paʻakikī;i ka manawa like, ua huki ʻia ka plasticizer mea hoʻopaʻa paʻa a me nā mea hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, e alakaʻi ana i ka hōʻemi kaumaha, ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka leo, a me ka leakage.Ma keʻano laulā, ma kahi mahana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana o Mass, volume, ikaika, elongation a me ka paʻakikī ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana i loko o ka waena no kekahi manawa e loiloi i ka pale ʻana o ka aila a i ʻole ke kūʻē ʻana o nā mea sealing.

6. Ke kū'ē i ka wā kahiko

ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mea e ka oxygen, ka ozone, ka wela, ka māmā, ka wai, ka pilikia mechanical e alakaʻi i ka deterioration o ka hana, ʻike ʻia ʻo ka ʻelemakule o nā mea hoʻopaʻa.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Aging Resistance (ʻike ʻia ʻo ka weather resistance) ma hope o ke ʻano ʻelemakule o ka ikaika, elongation, hoʻololi paʻakikī e hōʻike i ka liʻiliʻi o ka loli, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa ʻelemakule.

'Ōlelo Aʻo: pili ka weatherability i ke ʻano o ka ʻelemakule, e like me ka mae ʻana, ka wehe ʻana, ka māwae, ka pauka a me ka hōʻemi ikaika o nā huahana plastik ma muli o ka hopena o nā kūlana o waho e like me ka ʻike ʻana o ka lā, ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka mahana, ka makani a me ka ua.ʻO ka radiation ultraviolet kekahi o nā kumu nui e hoʻolaha ai i ka ʻelemakule plastik.