Kusindikiza ndi umisiri wamba zofunika kwa mafakitale onse, osati kumanga, petrochemical, shipbuilding, makina kupanga, mphamvu, mayendedwe, kuteteza chilengedwe ndi mafakitale ena sangachite popanda kusindikiza luso Aviation, zamlengalenga ndi mafakitale ena kudula-m'mphepete ndi zogwirizana kwambiri luso losindikiza.Ukadaulo wosindikiza umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo ambiri, monga kusungirako madzimadzi, mayendedwe ndi kutembenuka kwamphamvu.

Kufunika kwaukadaulo wosindikiza zotsatira za kulephera kusindikiza ndizovuta kwambiri, kuwala kwa kutayikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwononga mphamvu ndi zinthu, zolemetsa zidzapangitsa kuti ntchitoyo isathe, komanso kutulutsa moto, kuphulika, kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe ndi zotsatira zina kuyika chitetezo chamunthu pachiwopsezo. .

Ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ndi teknoloji, momwe ntchito yosindikizira imagwirira ntchito imakhala yovuta kwambiri.Pamene kutentha, kupanikizika ndi kuwononga kwamadzi osindikizidwa kumawonjezeka kwambiri, zipangizo zosindikizira zachikhalidwe monga kumva, hemp, asbestos, putty ndi zina zotero sizingakwaniritse zofunikira zogwiritsira ntchito, ndipo pang'onopang'ono zimasinthidwa ndi mphira ndi zipangizo zina zopangira.

Zida zopangira monga mphira nthawi zambiri zimakhala ma polima a macromolecular, momwe magulu ogwira ntchito okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana (monga chlorine, fluorine, cyano, vinilu, isocyanate, hydroxyl, carboxyl, alkoxy, ndi zina) amakhala malo olumikizirana.Pansi pa chothandizira, kuchiritsa wothandizira, kapena kutentha kwambiri ndi kutentha kwamphamvu kwamphamvu, ma macromolecule amasintha kuchokera kumapangidwe amtundu ndi mawonekedwe a nthambi kupita ku mawonekedwe opangira malo, njirayi imatchedwa kuchiritsa.mphira vulcanized kapena zinthu zina kupanga, macromolecules amataya kusuntha koyambirira, wotchedwa mapindikidwe mkulu zotanuka wa elastomer.

Mphira wamba ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi: mphira wachilengedwe, styrene-butadiene, neoprene, mphira wa butadiene, mphira wa Ethylene propylene, mphira wa butyl, mphira wa polyurethane, mphira wa acrylate, mphira wa fluorine, rabala ya silikoni ndi zina zotero.

6 Zowonetsa Zochita Kuti Mudziwe Ubwino Wa Zida Zosindikizira

1. Magwiridwe Amphamvu

Zinthu zolimba ndizofunika kwambiri pazida zosindikizira, kuphatikiza kulimba kwamphamvu, kupsinjika kosalekeza, kutalika panthawi yopuma komanso kupunduka kosatha panthawi yopuma.Mphamvu yolimba ndiyo kupsinjika kwakukulu komwe chitsanzocho chimatambasulidwa mpaka kupasuka.Kupsyinjika kosalekeza (modulus ya kutalika kosalekeza) ndiko kupsinjika komwe kumafikira pakutalika komwe kwatchulidwa.Elongation ndi mapindikidwe a chitsanzo chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi mphamvu yamphamvu yodziwika.Chiŵerengero cha kuwonjezereka kwa elongation kwa kutalika koyambirira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.Elongation pa nthawi yopuma ndi elongation pa kusweka kwa chitsanzo.Kupindika kokhazikika kokhazikika ndiko kusinthika kotsalira pakati pa mizere yolembera pambuyo pakusweka kwamphamvu.

2. Kuuma

Kuuma kwa zinthu zosindikizira kukana kukakamizidwa kwakunja mu kuthekera, komanso chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zosindikizira zida.Kuuma kwa zinthu kumakhudzana ndi zinthu zina pamlingo wina.Kuuma kwapamwamba, kumapangitsanso mphamvu, kutsika kwa kutalika, kukana kuvala bwino, komanso kutsika kwambiri kutentha.

3. Compressibility

Chifukwa cha viscoelasticity ya zinthu mphira, kupsyinjika adzachepa ndi nthawi, zomwe zimasonyeza ngati compressive kumasuka kumasuka, ndipo sangathe kubwerera ku mawonekedwe oyambirira pambuyo kuchotsa kupsyinjika, kusonyeza ngati psinjika okhazikika mapindikidwe.Pa kutentha kwambiri ndi sing'anga yamafuta chodabwitsa ichi ndi chodziwikiratu, ntchitoyi ikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi kulimba kwa zinthu zosindikiza.

4. Low Kutentha Magwiridwe

Mlozera womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza mawonekedwe otsika a kutentha kwa chisindikizo cha rabara Njira ziwiri zotsatirazi zoyezera kutsika kwa kutentha: 1) kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono: chosindikizira chimatambasulidwa mpaka utali wina, kenako kukhazikika, kuzizira mwachangu mpaka kuzizira m'munsimu, atafika pa mgwirizano, kumasula mayeso chidutswa, ndi pa mlingo wina Kutentha, kulemba kalembedwe retraction 10% , 30% , 50% ndi 70% pamene kutentha anasonyeza monga TR10, TR30, TR50, TR70.Muyezo wazinthu ndi TR10, womwe umagwirizana ndi kutentha kwa Brittleness kwa rabara.Kusinthasintha kwa kutentha pang'ono: Chitsanzocho chikawumitsidwa mpaka nthawi yomwe yatchulidwa pa kutentha kochepa, chitsanzocho chimapindika mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo molingana ndi ngodya yomwe yatchulidwa kuti ifufuze mphamvu yosindikiza chisindikizo pambuyo pochita mobwerezabwereza katundu wamphamvu pa kutentha kochepa.

5. Mafuta Kapena Kukaniza Kwapakatikati

Kuphatikiza pa kukhudzana ndi zida zosindikizira zopangira mafuta, ma esters awiri, mafuta a silicone, m'makampani opanga mankhwala nthawi zina amalumikizana ndi asidi, Alkali ndi media zina zowononga.Kuphatikiza pa dzimbiri m'ma media awa, kutentha kwakukulu kudzatsogoleranso kukulitsa ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu, kuchepetsa kuuma;panthawi imodzimodziyo, pulasitiki yosindikizira ndi zinthu zosungunuka zinatulutsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepetsa kulemera, kuchepetsa mphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke.Nthawi zambiri, pa kutentha kwina, kusintha kwa Misa, voliyumu, mphamvu, kutalika ndi kuuma pambuyo pomizidwa mkatikati kwa nthawi yayitali kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyesa kukana kwamafuta kapena kukana kwapakatikati kwa zida zosindikizira.

6. Kukana Kukalamba

Zida zosindikizira ndi mpweya, ozoni, kutentha, kuwala, madzi, kupanikizika kwa makina kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa ntchito, zomwe zimadziwika kuti kukalamba kwa zipangizo zosindikizira.Kukaniza Kukalamba (komwe kumadziwikanso kuti kukana kwanyengo) kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pokalamba kalembedwe kamphamvu, kutalika, kuuma kwakusintha kusonyeza kuti kucheperako kumasintha, kumapangitsanso kukana kukalamba.

Zindikirani: weatherability imatanthawuza mndandanda wa zochitika za ukalamba, monga kufota, kusinthika, kusweka, ufa ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu za zinthu zapulasitiki chifukwa cha kukhudzidwa kwa zinthu zakunja monga kuwala kwa dzuwa, kusintha kwa kutentha, mphepo ndi mvula.Ma radiation a ultraviolet ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimalimbikitsa kukalamba kwa pulasitiki.